First trimester maternal vitamin D status and risks of preterm birth and small-for-gestational age

Isabelle Monier (1, 2, 3) , Amandine Baptiste (4) , Vassilis Tsatsaris (5) , Marie-Victoire Senat (6, 3) , Jacques Jani (7) , Jean-Marie Jouannic (8) , Norbert Winer (9) , Caroline Elie (4) , Jean-Claude Souberbielle (4) , Jennifer Zeitlin (1) , Alexandra Benachi (2, 3)

1 INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
2 AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
3 Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)
4 Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
5 AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris]
6 Hôpital Bicêtre [AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre]
7 University Hospital Brugmann
8 CHU Trousseau [APHP]
9 PhAN - Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles

Maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm and small-for-gestational age (SGA) birth, but studies report conflicting results. We used a multicenter prospective cohort of 2813 pregnant women assessed for 25-OHD levels in the first trimester of pregnancy to investigate the association between maternal 25-OHD concentrations and risks of preterm birth (<37 weeks) and SGA (birthweight <10th percentile). Odds ratios were adjusted (aOR) for potential cofounders overall and among women with light and dark skin separately, based on the Fitzpatrick scale. 25-OHD concentrations were <20 ng/mL for 45.1% of the cohort. A total of 6.7% of women had a preterm birth. The aOR for preterm birth associated with the 1st quartile of 25-OHD concentrations compared to the 4th quartile was 1.53 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97-2.43). In stratified analyses, an association was observed for women with darker skin (aOR = 2.89 (95% CI: 1.02-8.18)), and no association with lighter skin. A total of 11.9% of births were SGA and there was no association overall or by skin color. Our results do not provide support for an association between maternal first trimester 25-OHD deficiency and risk of preterm or SGA birth overall; the association with preterm birth risk among women with darker skin requires further investigation.

Mots clés: pregnancy; preterm birth; skin color; small-for-gestational age

Mots clés: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; vitamin D

Domaines: Alimentation et Nutrition; Gynécologie et obstétrique; Pédiatrie

Isabelle Monier, Amandine Baptiste, Vassilis Tsatsaris, Marie-Victoire Senat, Jacques Jani, et al.. First trimester maternal vitamin D status and risks of preterm birth and small-for-gestational age. Nutrients, 2019, 11 (12), ⟨10.3390/nu11123042⟩. ⟨hal-02624777⟩